基于SWT方法的钢绞线索微动疲劳特性分析

为得到钢绞线索丝间接触区的应力场分布并预测微动疲劳裂纹萌生位置和微动疲劳寿命，本文利用参数化方法建立了精细化的钢绞线拉索有限元模型，包括整索模型和不同层丝间接触区域的局部精细化子模型．分析了钢绞线索在两种交变荷载工况下的应力场变化情况，并基于多轴疲劳SWT(Smith-Watson-Topper)临界平面法进行了疲劳特性分析和疲劳寿命预测．主要结论如下：钢绞线索内接触区边缘处的微动幅值较大，中心处几乎没有相对滑动，微动疲劳的初始裂纹萌生点位于接触区域边缘；经不同区域子模型分析比较，在轴向循环荷载作用下，外层钢丝的接触区域比内层钢丝更易发生微动疲劳损伤；在横向位移循环荷载作用下，同层钢丝因位置角度不同而产生了较大的疲劳特性差异，且相比轴向循环拉伸，该工况下最不利单丝的微动疲劳寿命更低；与非接触区域相比，接触区的疲劳寿命大幅降低，微动现象对钢绞线索的抗疲劳性能有明显降低作用．     

基于改进格林元的压裂水平井动态分析方法

以建立高效的动态分析方法为出发点，以边单元作为求解点，改进传统的格林元方法，减少未知数和求解矩阵维度；并提出基于改进格林元的加密网格加密方法，保证考虑复杂裂缝网络的压裂水平井动态模拟的早期精度.退化模型与半解析解、数值模拟结果进行对比，验证本文基于加密网格的改进格林元方法的准确性和动态分析的高效性.最后进行动态响应的敏感性分析，结果表明：①格林元方法是一种高精度的动态模拟方法，将求解节点设置在网格的边上可以提高压裂水平井动态模拟的速度；②改进格林元方法的加密基于叠加原理，不需要通过插值近似，其求解精度高.在相同加密网格条件下，基于本文改进格林元方法的加密效果比有限差分加密效果更佳；③复杂裂缝导流能力、改造区渗透率提高倍数、改造区大小等参数对压裂水平井动态特征影响较大，在动态分析和参数反演时，应着重考虑这些因素的影响.     

Time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations for multi-gap superconductors

We numerically solve the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations for two-gap superconductors using the finite-element technique. The real-time simulation shows that at low magnetic field, the vortices in small-size samples tend to form clusters or other disorder structures. When the sample size is large, stripes appear in the pattern. These results are in good agreement with the previous experimental observations of the intriguing anomalous vortex pattern, providing a reliable theoretical basis for the future applications of multi-gap superconductors.     

运用三维离散元技术模拟落锤撞击下奥克托今颗粒的点火燃烧过程

炸药颗粒的点火燃烧过程一直是人们关注的热点问题。近年来，三维离散元技术在中尺度观测颗粒材料的动力学过程中拥有显著优势。炸药燃烧属于颗粒材料的反应动力学，运用三维离散元技术(DM3)可以有效地观测炸药燃烧传播的过程。以奥克托今(HMX)颗粒为例，本文成功模拟并观测到了HMX颗粒的燃烧反应程度，确定了颗粒开始燃烧反应的时间，以及燃烧反应传播的时间。同时，结合落锤冲击颗粒的三维图像以及其表观压强和放热功率，得到了HMX颗粒燃烧反应、燃烧传播的整个反应动力学过程，包括颗粒在冲击加载下碎化塑性变形的过程，颗粒燃烧反应放热的过程，落锤回弹颗粒喷射的过程等。同时，进一步说明了尖顶颗粒更利于颗粒点火，平顶颗粒有抑制颗粒点火的能力。     

Fluoroalkyl Radical Generation by Homolytic Bond Dissociation in Pentacarbonylmanganese Derivatives

Thermal decarbonylation of the acyl compounds [Mn(CO)₅(COR_F)] (R_F=CF₃, CHF₂, CH₂CF₃, CF₂CH₃) yielded the corresponding alkyl derivatives [Mn(CO)₅(R_F)], some of which have not been previously reported. The compounds were fully characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods and by several single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The solution-phase IR characterization in the CO stretching region, with the assistance of DFT calculations, has allowed the assignment of several weak bands to vibrations of the [Mn(¹²CO)₄(eq-¹³CO)(R_F)] and [Mn(¹²CO)₄(ax-¹³CO)(R_F)] isotopomers and a ranking of the R_F donor power in the order CF₃<CHF₂<CH₂CF₃≈CF₂CH₃. The homolytic Mn−R_F bond cleavage in [Mn(CO)₅(R_F)] at various temperatures under saturation conditions with trapping of the generated R_F radicals by excess tris(trimethylsilyl)silane yielded activation parameters ΔH^≠ and ΔS^≠ that are believed to represent close estimates of the homolytic bond dissociation thermodynamic parameters. These values are in close agreement with those calculated in a recent DFT study (J. Organomet. Chem. 2018 , 864, 12–18). The ability of these complexes to undergo homolytic Mn−R_F bond cleavage was further demonstrated by the observation that [Mn(CO)₅(CF₃)] (the compound with the strongest Mn−R_F bond) initiated the radical polymerization of vinylidene fluoride (CH₂=CF₂) to produce poly(vinylidene fluoride) in good yields by either thermal (100 °C) or photochemical (UV or visible light) activation.     

基于LS -DYNA公路桥车桥耦合的车辆模型研究

研究公路桥梁在移动车辆荷载作用下的动力响应,建立合理的车辆模型非常重要。为更真实地体现桥梁在车载作用下的动力响应,基于LS-DYNA程序,结合常用重型车辆的结构特性及参数,对车辆的橡胶轮胎、轮胎内气体压力、车轮转动和车辆悬架系统进行模拟,使车辆模型更接近实际车辆。通过车辆轴重和动力特性初步验证车辆有限元模型的有效性;同时,以一座混凝土简支空心板梁桥为算例,验证车轮转动和车桥相互接触力,并将LS-DYNA计算结果与桥梁实测结果进行对比,进一步验证车辆有限元模型的有效性。研究结果表明,基于LS-DYNA建立的三维车辆有限元模型是可行的,可以用于研究车桥相互作用。     

宽体液腔Janus-Helmholtz换能器

本文使用有限元方法对宽体液腔Janus-Helmholtz(JH)换能器进行了仿真分析,得出了壳体宽度拓展增量对JH换能器工作性能的影响规律。使用三维建模的方式,分析了连接部分对换能器性能的影响及宽体壳体的的模态,证明了三维建模的必要性。依据仿真优化结构设计了一款宽体液腔JH换能器并进行了湖上测试。最终测试结果与仿真结果有很好的一致性,相较直筒JH换能器其谐振频率降低300Hz,发射电压响应最高可达144dB。     

Identifying the viscoelastic properties of soft matter from the indentation response of a hard film-soft substrate system

The indentation technique is widely used in measuring the mechanical properties of soft matter at the microscale or nanoscale,but still faces challenges by these unique properties as well as the consequent strong surface adhesion, including the strong nonlinear effect, unclear judgment of the contact point, difficulties in estimating the contact area, and the risk of the indenter piercing the sample. Here we propose a two-step method to solve these problems: lay a hard film on a soft matter, and obtain the viscoelastic properties of this soft matter through the indentation response of this composite structure. We first establish a theoretical indentation model of the hard film-soft substrate system based on the theory of plates, elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle and Boltzmann superposition principle. To verify the correctness of this method, we measure the mechanical properties of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber(MVSR) covered by a Cu nanofilm. Finally, we test the effectiveness and error sensitivity of this method with the finite element method(FEM). The results show that our method can accurately measure the mechanical properties of soft matter, while effectively circumventing the problems of the traditional indentation technique.     

干式变压器有限元仿真模型的电磁和振动分析

随着电力需求的逐年增长,干式变压器的数量也在不断增加。干式变压器在运行时存在着振动和噪声的问题,为了对干式变压器振动的规律与特点进行研究,本文建立了干式变压器本体振动的有限元仿真模型,通过电磁分析获得相应的磁场分布,然后利用结构动力学分析得到其本体振动的相关规律。通过对处于运行状态的变压器振动数据进行实测分析,得到变压器振动的特征频率,然后对仿真结果进行对比分析,可以发现振动幅度与频率之间存在的关系。本文的研究结果可对干式变压器的减振降噪研究提供参考。